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Coffee is the result of steeping the coffee beans that have been roasted peanuts and grinded into powder. Coffee is one of the world's cultivated commodities of more than 50 countries. Two varieties of coffee tree known in general i.e. Robusta (Coffea canephora) and Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica).
Coffee processing before it can be drunk through a long process of harvesting coffee beans that have been cooked well with how the machine or by hand then do the processing of coffee beans and coffee drying before becoming gelondong. The next process that is penyangraian with a varied degree level. After a penyangraian grinded coffee beans or mashed into powder coffee before coffee can be drunk.
History records that the discovery of coffee as a nutritious beverage and energy was first discovered by the Ethiopians in the continent of Africa about 3000 years (1000 BC). Coffee then continue to thrive to this day became one of the world's most popular drinks consumed by various community. Indonesia itself has been able to produce more than 400 thousand tons of coffee per year. In addition to the flavor and aroma, coffee can also lower the risk of developing cancer, diabetes, gallstones, and various diseases of the heart (cardio).
Etymology
Word copies itself originally comes from Arabic: قهوة qahwah which means strength, because coffee was originally used as a high-energy food. The word qahwah changing back into the kahveh comes from the Turkey and then changed again into koffie in Netherlands language.. The use of the word koffie was soon absorbed into the language of Indonesia became the word coffee is known at this time.
History Of Coffee
The era of the discovery of coffee beans started around the year 800 BC, another opinion says 850 M. At that time, a lot of people on the African continent, especially the Ethiopians, consuming coffee beans are mixed with animal fat and wine to meet protein needs and the body's energy. The discovery of coffee itself happens accidentally, when shepherds named Khalid — a Abyssinia — observe the goats gembalaannya are maintained even after sunset, after eating a kind of berries. He also tried to cook it and eat it. This custom later continues to evolve and spread to various countries in Africa, but the method of serving is still using conventional methods ... It was only a few hundred years later, this brought coffee beans passing through the Red Sea and arrived in Arabic with the more advanced rendering method.
The spread of coffee in Arabic
The Arab nation that has civilization more advanced than African Nations at that time, not only cooking the coffee beans, but also boiled to taken her Sari. In the 13th century, the Muslims of many coffee as a drink consumed energy booster while worshipping at night.. The popularity of coffee ever undertook to increase along with the spread of Islam at the time until it reaches North Africa, the Mediterranean, and India.
At this time, there has been no cultivation of coffee outside the Arab region because the Arabs are always exporting coffee beans that are infertile (infertile) and how to cook and dry it beforehand. This led to the cultivation of coffee is not possible. .. It was only in the year 1600, a pilgrim named Baba Budan India managed to bring coffee beans fertil out of Mecca and foster it in various areas outside of Arabia.
Coffee reached the European market
Coffee beans brought in first time to Europe was officially in 1615 by a merchant of Venice. He got his supply of coffee beans from the people of Turkey, but this amount is not sufficient market needs. .. "That, Europeans began to create them. Nation Netherlands was one of the first European countries to successfully create them in the year 1616.. Later in the year 1690, coffee beans were brought to the island of Java to massively dikultivasi.. At that time, Indonesia is still the Netherlands Colonial possessions.
In about the year 1714, the King of France Louis XIV received the donation from the Netherlands coffee tree as a complement of its collection in the Royal Botanical Gardens of Paris, the Jardin des Plantes. At the same time, the Navy named Gabriel born Mathieu in Clieu wants to bring some of these to take to the trees of Martinique ... However, it was rejected by Louis XIV and in return, he led an army to sneak into the Jardin des Plantes to steal the coffee plant.
The success of Gabriel Mathieu in Clieu brought coffee plants to Martinique is a huge achievement. This is due to cultivation of coffee in there quite well.. Only in the past 50 years, there have been approximately 18 million trees of various varieties of coffee with ... Progeny from this being one of the sources of the wealth of types of coffee in the world.
Coffee flowers to Brazil
In 1727, the Government of Brazil initiative to lower the market price of coffee in its territory, because at that time the coffee is still sold at a high price and can only be enjoyed by the elite. Therefore, the Government of Brazil sends a special agent, Lieutenant Colonel Francisco de Melo Palheta, for sneaking into France and brought home some seedlings of coffee. Coffee plantations in France has very strict care so that it does not allow. Palheta ever looking the other way in a way approaching the Governor's wife. As a result of her hard work, she brought home a bouquet containing plenty of coffee beans provided by the Governor's wife after dinner. From the tip-tops this is the nation of Brazil succeeded in cultivating coffee in a very large scale, so it can be consumed by everyone.
Types Of Coffee
Of the many types of coffee beans are sold in the market, there are only 2 main varieties, i.e. type of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) and Coffea canephora (Coffea robusta). Each type of coffee has its uniqueness and its own ...
Arabica coffee beans
Arabica coffee beans, the kind of coffee with the best taste.
Arabica coffee is a type of traditional coffee with the best taste. Most of the existing copies are made using this type of Coffee Coffee Bean comes from Ethiopia and is now cultivated in various parts of the world, from Latin America, Central Africa, East Africa, India, and Indonesia. In General, this coffee is grown in tropical countries or subtropical climates. Arabica coffee grows at an altitude of 600 – 2000 m above sea level ... This plant can grow up to 3 meters if the condition of the environment well. Its optimal growing temperatures are 18-26oC. The coffee beans produced quite small and light green to dark red.
Robusta coffee beans
Coffee beans of robusta coffee, the kind of class 2.
Robusta coffee was first discovered in the Congo in 1898. Robusta coffee is arguably the class 2, because it tastes bitter, slightly acidic, and contains caffeine levels far more ... In addition, coverage areas grow wider than robusta coffee Arabica coffee that should be grown at a specific height. Robusta coffee can be grown with a height of 800 m above the sea. heavy anti-surface gunship. In addition, this type of coffee is more resistant to pests and diseases.. It makes the cheaper robusta coffee ... Robusta coffee many are grown in West Africa, Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America.
Kopi luwak
Civet coffee beans fermented natural Civet animals.
Types of coffee that subsets or subvarietas of Arabica coffee and robusta. The coffee-producing areas at each usually has its uniqueness and make it as a subvarietas.. One of the other types of coffee luwak coffee is native to Indonesia.
Civet coffee is coffee with the highest price in the world. The process of formation and it was a very unique being the main reason for the high price of coffee this type ... Basically, this type of coffee is coffee Arabica coffee beans are then eaten by the Civet, Civet or similar. However, not all parts of the coffee beans can be ingested by animals. [18] the inside of the seed is then going out with litter .... Because it has survived in the digestive tract of Civet, the coffee bean has undergone a brief fermentation by naturally occurring bacteria in the stomach which gives extra flavour.
Types of coffee drinks
Coffee drinks are extremely diverse kind. Each type of coffee that exist have process serving the unique processing and. .. The following are some examples of common coffee drinks.
Black coffee, is the result of direct ektraksi of boiling coffee beans which is served without the addition of any flavour.
- Espresso, coffee is made by extracting the coffee beans using hot steam at high pressure.
- A latte (coffee latte), is a type of espresso coffee with milk added the ratio between milk and coffee 3:1.
- Café au lait, similar to a caffe latte but using a mixture of black coffee.
- Caffè macchiato, espresso coffee is added to milk by the ratio between coffee and milk 4:1.
- Cappuccino, coffee is with the addition of milk, cream, and chocolate flakes.
- Dry cappuccino, cappuccino is with a little cream and without milk.
- Frappé, the espresso is served cold.
- Instant coffee, comes from coffee beans that are dried and digranulasi.
- Coffee Ireland (irish coffee), the coffee is mixed with whiskey.
- The original coffee Kopi tubruk, Indonesia made by cooking the coffee beans along with sugar.
- Melya, a type of coffee with addition of chocolate powder and honey.
- Cafe mocha, similar to the cappuccino and latte, but with the addition of chocolate syrup.
- Capsizes, Thailand coffee specialities cooked with corn, soy bean, and sesame.
Source Of Article : https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopi
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